Main Article Content

Authors

The improvement of techniques for the mass rearing of predators in the laboratory, including the age of mating is important to obtain the largest number of individuals for biological control programs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the females’ fecundity of the predator Podisus fuscescens (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) with different pre-mating periods. The females of this predator were mated immediately after emergence (T1) or with one (T2), two (T3), three (T4), four (T5) or five (T6) days after emergence. The females mated immediately and one day after the emergency (T1 and T2) had fewer egg clusters than those mated after five days (T6). The number of nymphs per female was lower for those mated immediately after the emergence (T1) and with one (T2) or two days (T3). The total number of eggs was lower in females mated one day after emergence (T2) than for those mated after five days (T6). The proportion of hatched eggs was lower in the treatments T1 and T2 than in the T6. The oviposition and longevity of P. fuscescens females were similar between treatments; however, the pre-oviposition period longer in the T1 than T5 and T6. The pos-oviposition period was longer in the T1. Podisus fuscescens females require five days after emergence to mature their reproductive system, which improves their fitness and avoids unnecessary mating. 

Moreira da Silva, I., Mendes de Sá, V. G., Rodrigues Porto Pedrosa, A., dos Santos Cabral, M. J., Leão Demolin Leite, G., Soares, M. A., & Cola Zanuncio, J. M. (2022). Ideal period for mating females of the predator Podisus fuscescens (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Revista Colombiana De Entomología, 48(2). https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v48i2.11699

BENELLI, G.; LUCCHI, A. 2021. Insect pheromones to mating disruption: theory and practice. Insects 12 (8): 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12080698

BRUGNERA, R.; ROELL, T.; CAMPOS, L. A.; GRAZIA, J. 2020. Taxonomy of widespread Neotropical species of Podisus Herrich-Schäffer (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae): redescription of P. distinctus (Stål, 1860) and revalidation of P. fuscescens (Dallas, 1851). Zootaxa 4751 (3): 546-562. https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4751.3.7

CARVALHO, R. D. S.; VILELA, E. F.; BORGES, M.; ZANUNCIO, J. C. 1994. Ritmo do comportamento de acasalamento e atividade sexual de Podisus connexivus Bergroth (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae). Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 23 (2): 197-202. https://doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v23i2.929

CORNELIUS, M. L.; HERLIHY, M. V.; VINYARD, B. T.; WEBER, D. C.; GREENSTONE, M. H. 2021. Parasitism and predation on sentinel egg masses of three stink bug species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in native and exotic ornamental landscapes. Journal of Economic Entomology 114 (2): 590-596. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa329

DAHAN, R. A.; GROVE1, N. K.; BOLLAZZI, M.; GERSTNER, B. P.; RABELING, C. 2022. Decoupled evolution of mating biology and social structure in Acromyrmex leaf‑cutting ants. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 76: 7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-021-03113-1

DE CARVALHO, J. R.; PRATISSOLI, D.; DE ARAUJO JUNIOR, L. M.; DAMASCENA, A. P.; HOLTZ, A. M.; DALVI, L. P.; VIANNA, U. R. 2020. Predation behavior of Podisus nigrispinus on Spodoptera eridania. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 23 (4): 1279-1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2020.10.007

DE CLERCQ, P.; DEGHEELE, D. 1997. Effects of mating status on body weight, oviposition, egg load, and predation in the predatory stinkbug Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 90 (2): 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/90.2.121

FORCE, D. C. 1972. R and K-strategists in endemic host-parasitoid communities. Bulletin of the ESA 18(3): 135-137. https://doi.org/10.1093/besa/18.3.135

JARRIGE, A.; KASSIS, A.; SCHMOLL, T.; GOUBAULT, M. 2016. Recently mated males of a lek-mating insect intensify precopulatory mate guarding under male competition. Animal Behaviour 117: 21-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.04.012

JERVIS, M. A.; HEIMPEL, G. E.; FERNS, P. N.; HARVEY, J. A.; KIDD, N. A. C. 2001. Life-history strategies in parasitoid wasps: a comparative analysis of “ovigeny”. Journal of Animal Ecology 70 (3): 442-458. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2001.00507.x

LACERDA, M. C.; FERREIRA, A. M. R. M.; ZANUNCIO, T. V.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; BERNARDINO, A. S.; ESPINDULA M. C. 2004. Development and reproduction of Podisus distinctus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on larvae of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 64 (2): 237-242. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842004000200008

LEMOS, W. P.; RAMALHO, F. S.; SERRÃO, J. E.; ZANUNCIO, J. C. 2005. Morphology of female reproductive tract of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on different diets. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 48 (1): 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132005000100017

NANFACK-MINKEU, F.; SIROT, L. K. 2022. Effects of mating on gene expression in female insects: unifying the field. Insects 13 (1): 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13010069

NASON, S. E.; KELLY, C. D. 2020. Benefits of multiple mating in a sexually dimorphic polygynandrous insect. Animal Behaviour 164: 65-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.03.018

OLIVEIRA-JÚNIOR, G. G. S.; OLIVEIRA, D. K. S.; VIEIRA, E. R. D.; SOUZA, M.W R.; SANTOS, M. M.; ASSIS-JÚNIOR, S. L.; SOARES, M. A. 2021. First record of the predatory stink bug Podisus sagitta (Hemiptera: Asopinae) in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology 82: e236863. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.236863

PERRY, J. C.; SIROT, L.; WIGBY, S. 2013. The seminal symphony: how to compose an ejaculate. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 28 (7): 414-422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2013.03.005

PIRES, E. M.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; NOGUEIRA, R. M.; SOARES, M. A.; DE OLIVEIRA, M. A. 2020. Dispersal of the zoophytophagous predator Brontocoris tabidus and Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in an eucalyptus plantation. Florida Entomologist 103 (2): 168-171. https://doi.org/10.1653/024.103.0203

PIRES, E. M.; AZEVEDO, D. O.; LIMA, E. R.; PINTO, R. ; PELUZIO, R. J. E.; SERRÃO, J. E.; ZANUNCIO, J. C. 2009. Desenvolvimento, reprodução e performance predatória do percevejo zoofitófago Podisus distinctus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) alimentado com larvas de Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) imobilizadas ou soltas. Revista Brasileira de Biociências 7 (3): 280-284. http://www.ufrgs.br/seerbio/ojs/index.php/rbb/article/view/1204

REIS, T. C.; SOARES. M. A.; SANTOS, J. B.; SANTOS, C. A.; SERRAO, J. E.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; FERREIRA, E. A. 2018. Atrazine and nicosulfuron affect the reproductive fitness of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 90 (4): 3625-3633. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170748

RODRIGUES, A. R. S.; SERRÃO, J. E.; TEIXEIRA, W. W.; TORRES, J. B.; TEIXEIRA, A. A. 2008. Spermatogenesis, changes in reproductive structures, and time constraint associated with insemination in Podisus nigrispinus. Journal of Insect Physiology 54 (12): 1543-1551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.09.003

ROELL, T.; BRUGNERA, R.; LEMAITRE, V. A. 2021. Lost and found-Discovery of the presumed lost type of Arma pallipes Dallas, new synonymy and description of two new species of Podisus Herrich-Schaffer (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae). Zootaxa, 4958 (1): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4958.1.33

SOARES, M. A.; FAUSTINO-JÚNIOR, W.; OLIVEIRA, D. K. S.; CALDEIRA, Z. V.; SILVA, E. T. L., ASSIS-JÚNIOR, S. L.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; ZANUNCIO, A. J. V. 2022. Edessa rufomarginata (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) feeding on Solanum lycocarpum (Solanaceae) in rupestrian fields of the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Brazilian Journal of Biology 82: e235839. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.235839

SOARES, M. A.; BATISTA, J. D.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; LINO-NETO, J.; SERRÃO, J. E. 2011. Ovary development, egg production and oviposition for mated and virgin females of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Acta Scientiarum Agronomy 33 (4): 597-602. https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v33i4.6694

SOARES, M. A.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; LEITE, G. L. D.; WERMELINGER, E. D.; SERRÃO, J. E. 2009. Does Thyrinteina arnobia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) use different defense behaviors against predators? Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 116: 30-33. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356283

SOUSA-SOUTO, L.; EVANGELISTA-JR, W. S.; LIMA, E. R.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; FONSECA, M. G. 2006. Sperm depletion: a cost for single mated females of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 49 (6): 923-926. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132006000700009

TORRES, J. B.; ZANUNCIO, J. C.; OLIVEIRA, M. C. 1997. Mating frequency and its effect on female reproductive output in the stinkbug predator Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Gent 62 (2b): 491-498.

VELLNOW, N.; SCHINDLER, S.; SCHMOLL, T. 2020. Genotype-by-environment interactions for precopulatory mate guarding in a lek-mating insect. Ecology and Evolution 10 (21): 12138-12146. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6841

ZHANG, C.; KIM, A. J.; RIVERA-PEREZ, C.; NORIEGA, F. G.; KIM, Y. J. 2022. The insect somatostatin pathway gates vitellogenesis progression during reproductive maturation and the post-mating response. Nature Communications 13: 969 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28592-2

Received 2021-10-28
Accepted 2022-04-21
Published 2022-09-12