Effect of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the parasitoid activity of Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Biological control Natural enemies Competition
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In several countries, Anagyrus kamali and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri have been introduced for the biological control of the pink hibiscus mealybug (PHM) Maconellicoccus hirsutus, but there is not a formal study to assess the interaction between those natural enemies. In the present study we evaluated, under laboratory conditions, the in teraction of C. montrouzieri (forthinstar larvae and adult female) in A. kamali parasitoid activity on PHM. Individual and simultaneous liberations of both species, using choice and nochoice tests, were made in order to determine the interaction between the predator and the parasitoid. Third PHM nymphs parasitized by A. kamali at different parasitoid maturation periods (egg, young larvae, mature larvae, young pupae and mature pupae) were used as hosts. The results showed that C. montrouzieri reduced the parasitoid activity of A. kamali to 2.2 and 5%. In the choice test, C. montrouz ieri did not discriminate against wealthy PHM and parasitoized under five days. In the nochoice tests, C. montrouzieri adults and larvae reduced their predatory activity when parasitized PHM had more than six days of having been parasit ized, possibly due to the hardening of PHM mummies. The results of the present study support the hypothesis that in the interaction between C. montrouzieri and A. kamali there is an antagonistic effect since the presence of the predator reduced the parasitic activity of A. kamali in the PHM control.
HERNÁNDEZ-MORENO, S., GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, H., LOMELI-FLORES, J. R., RODRÍGUEZ-LEYVA, E., & ROBLES-BERMÚDEZ, A. (2012). Effect of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the parasitoid activity of Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Revista Colombiana De Entomología, 38(1), 64–69. https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v38i1.8919
BARTLETT, B. R. 1978. Pseudococcidae. pp. 137-170. In: Clausen,C. P. (Ed.). Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pest and Weeds: A World Review. Agriculture Handbook No. 480. USDA. Washington D. C.
CHONG, J. H.; OETTING, R. 2007. Intraguild predation and interference by the mealybug predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on the parasitoid Leptomastix dactylopii. Biocontrol Science and Technology 17 (9): 933-944.
DIXON A., F. G. 2000. Insect Predator-Prey Dynamics. Ladybird Beetles and Biological Control. Cambridge University Press. 268 p.
GARCÍA-VALENTE, F. 2008. Control Biológico de la Cochinilla Rosada del Hibisco Maconlellicoccus hirsutus Green en México. Tesis de Doctorado en Ciencias. Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, México.
GARCÍA-VALENTE, F.; ORTEGA-ARENAS, L. D.; GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, H.; VILLANUEVA-JIMÉNEZ, J. A.; LÓPEZ-COLLADO, J.; GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, A.; ARREDONDO-BERNAL, H. C. 2009. Parasitismo natural e inducido de Anagyrus kamali sobre la cochinilla rosada en brotes de teca, en Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit. Agrociencia 43 (7): 729-738.
GONZÁLEZ GAONA. E.; SÁNCHEZ, M. G.; QUEZADA, G. E. 2008. Determinación, monitoreo y control de la cochinilla rosada del hibisco Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). Libro Técnico Núm, 5. INIFAP-CIRNOC-Campo Experimental Pabellón, Pabellón de Arteaga, Aguascalientes. México. 133 p.
GOOLSBY, A. J., KIRK, A. A.; MEYERDIRK, D. E. 2002. Seasonal phenology and natural enemies of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Australia. Florida Entomologist 85 (3): 494-498.
KAIRO, M. T. K.; POLLARD, G. V.; PETERKING, D. D.; LÓPEZ, V. F. 2000. Biological control of the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Caribbean. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 5 (4): 241-254.
MEYERDIRK, D. E.; WAKENTIN, R.; ATTRAVIAN, B.; GERSABECK, E.; FRANCIS, A.; ADAMS, M.; FRANCIS, G. 2003. Manual del Proyecto para el Control Biológico de la Cochinilla Rosada del Hibisco. IICA. USDA, APHIS, PPQ. 2ª.Edición. San José, Costa Rica. 214 p.
MICHAUD, J. P.; EVANS, G. A. 2000. Current status of pink hibiscus mealybug in Puerto Rico, including a key to parasitoid species. Florida Entomologist 83 (1): 97-101.
MILLER, D. M. 1999. Identification of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae). Insecta mundi 13 (3-4): 189-204.
MUSTU, M.; KILINÇER, N.; ÜLGENTÜRK, S.; KAYDAN, M. B.2008. Feeding behavior of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on mealy bugs parasitized by Anagyrus pseudococci. Phytoparasitica 36 (4): 360-367.
NAPPO. 2004. Detección de la cochinilla rosada del hibisco (Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green), en el municipio de Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit, México. Noticias sobre brotes de plagas del Sistema de Alerta Fitosanitaria de NAPPO, 8 de marzo de 2004. Disponible en: http://www. pestalert.org/ViewArchNewsStory. cfm?nid=297 [Fecha revisión: 05 mayo 2011].
NEW, T. R. 1991. Insects as Predators. New South Wales University Press in association with the Australian Institute of Biology. 178 p.
ROLTSCH, W. J.; MEYERDIRK, D. E.; WARKETING, R. 2000.Pink hibiscus mealybug biological control in Imperial Valley. pp. 14-18. In: Woods, D. M. (Ed.). Biological Control Program. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services, Sacramento, California. California.
ROLTSCH, W. J.; MEYERDIRK, D. E.; WARKENTIN, R.; ANDRESS, E. R.; CARRERA, K. 2006. Classical biological control of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) in southern California. Biological Control 37 (2): 155-166.
ROSAS-GARCÍA, N. M.; DURÁN-MARTÍNEZ, E. P.; LUNASANITLLANA, E. J.; VILLEGAS-MENDOZA, J. M. 2009.
Potencial de depredación de Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant hacia Planococcus citri Risso. Southwestern Entomologist 34 (2): 179-188.
SAGARRA, L. A.; PETERKIN, D. D. 1999. Invasion of the Caribbean by the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutusGreen (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Phytoprotection 80 (2):103-113.
SAGARRA, L. A.; VINCENT, C. 1999. Influence of host stage on oviposition, development, sex ratio, and survival of Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Biological Control 15 (1): 51-56.
SANTIAGO-ISLAS, T.; ZAMORA-CRUZ, A.; FUENTES-TEMBLADOR, E. A.; VALENCIA-LUNA, L.; ARREDONDO-BERNAL, H. C. 2008. Cochinilla rosada del hibiscus, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hempitera: Pseudococcidae). pp. 177-190. En: Arredondo-Bernal, H. C.; Rodríguez del Bosque, L. A. (Eds.). Casos de Control Biológico en México. Editorial Mundi Prensa. México. D.F. 423 p.
SENGONCA, C.; YANUWIADI, B. 1994. Frassverhalten des schmierlausra ubers Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant beidurch Leptomastix dactylopii Howard parasitierten Placococcus citri (Risso). Mitteilungen der DeutchenGesellschaft fur Allgemeine und Angewandte Entomologie 9: 121-124.
SERMEÑO, J. M.; NAVARRO, J. A. 2000. Manual Técnico: Identificación de Insectos de la Superfamilia Coccoidea, con Especial Énfasis en Cochinilla Rosada del Hibisco Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). OIRSA. Universidad del Salvador. San Salvador. 73 p.
VALENCIA-LUNA, L.; SANTIAGO-ISLAS, T.; ZAMORA, A.ARREDONDO-BERNAL, H. C. 2007. Control biológico de la cochinilla rosada del hibiscus Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). pp. 250-266. En: Rodríguez-delBosque, L. A.; Arredondo-Bernal, H. C. (Eds.). Teoría y Aplicación del Control Biológico. Sociedad Mexicana de Control Biológico, México. 303 p.
ZHANG, A.; AMALIN, D.; SHIRALI, S.; SERRANO, M. S.;FRANQUI, R. A.; OLIVER, J. E.; KLUN, J. A.; ALDRICH, J. R.; MEYERDIRK, D. E.; LAPOINTE, S. L. 2004. Sex pheromone of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, contains an unusual cyclobutanoid monoterpene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101: 9601-9606.
CHONG, J. H.; OETTING, R. 2007. Intraguild predation and interference by the mealybug predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on the parasitoid Leptomastix dactylopii. Biocontrol Science and Technology 17 (9): 933-944.
DIXON A., F. G. 2000. Insect Predator-Prey Dynamics. Ladybird Beetles and Biological Control. Cambridge University Press. 268 p.
GARCÍA-VALENTE, F. 2008. Control Biológico de la Cochinilla Rosada del Hibisco Maconlellicoccus hirsutus Green en México. Tesis de Doctorado en Ciencias. Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, Texcoco, México.
GARCÍA-VALENTE, F.; ORTEGA-ARENAS, L. D.; GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, H.; VILLANUEVA-JIMÉNEZ, J. A.; LÓPEZ-COLLADO, J.; GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, A.; ARREDONDO-BERNAL, H. C. 2009. Parasitismo natural e inducido de Anagyrus kamali sobre la cochinilla rosada en brotes de teca, en Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit. Agrociencia 43 (7): 729-738.
GONZÁLEZ GAONA. E.; SÁNCHEZ, M. G.; QUEZADA, G. E. 2008. Determinación, monitoreo y control de la cochinilla rosada del hibisco Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). Libro Técnico Núm, 5. INIFAP-CIRNOC-Campo Experimental Pabellón, Pabellón de Arteaga, Aguascalientes. México. 133 p.
GOOLSBY, A. J., KIRK, A. A.; MEYERDIRK, D. E. 2002. Seasonal phenology and natural enemies of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Australia. Florida Entomologist 85 (3): 494-498.
KAIRO, M. T. K.; POLLARD, G. V.; PETERKING, D. D.; LÓPEZ, V. F. 2000. Biological control of the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Caribbean. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 5 (4): 241-254.
MEYERDIRK, D. E.; WAKENTIN, R.; ATTRAVIAN, B.; GERSABECK, E.; FRANCIS, A.; ADAMS, M.; FRANCIS, G. 2003. Manual del Proyecto para el Control Biológico de la Cochinilla Rosada del Hibisco. IICA. USDA, APHIS, PPQ. 2ª.Edición. San José, Costa Rica. 214 p.
MICHAUD, J. P.; EVANS, G. A. 2000. Current status of pink hibiscus mealybug in Puerto Rico, including a key to parasitoid species. Florida Entomologist 83 (1): 97-101.
MILLER, D. M. 1999. Identification of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae). Insecta mundi 13 (3-4): 189-204.
MUSTU, M.; KILINÇER, N.; ÜLGENTÜRK, S.; KAYDAN, M. B.2008. Feeding behavior of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on mealy bugs parasitized by Anagyrus pseudococci. Phytoparasitica 36 (4): 360-367.
NAPPO. 2004. Detección de la cochinilla rosada del hibisco (Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green), en el municipio de Bahía de Banderas, Nayarit, México. Noticias sobre brotes de plagas del Sistema de Alerta Fitosanitaria de NAPPO, 8 de marzo de 2004. Disponible en: http://www. pestalert.org/ViewArchNewsStory. cfm?nid=297 [Fecha revisión: 05 mayo 2011].
NEW, T. R. 1991. Insects as Predators. New South Wales University Press in association with the Australian Institute of Biology. 178 p.
ROLTSCH, W. J.; MEYERDIRK, D. E.; WARKETING, R. 2000.Pink hibiscus mealybug biological control in Imperial Valley. pp. 14-18. In: Woods, D. M. (Ed.). Biological Control Program. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Health and Pest Prevention Services, Sacramento, California. California.
ROLTSCH, W. J.; MEYERDIRK, D. E.; WARKENTIN, R.; ANDRESS, E. R.; CARRERA, K. 2006. Classical biological control of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) in southern California. Biological Control 37 (2): 155-166.
ROSAS-GARCÍA, N. M.; DURÁN-MARTÍNEZ, E. P.; LUNASANITLLANA, E. J.; VILLEGAS-MENDOZA, J. M. 2009.
Potencial de depredación de Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant hacia Planococcus citri Risso. Southwestern Entomologist 34 (2): 179-188.
SAGARRA, L. A.; PETERKIN, D. D. 1999. Invasion of the Caribbean by the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutusGreen (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Phytoprotection 80 (2):103-113.
SAGARRA, L. A.; VINCENT, C. 1999. Influence of host stage on oviposition, development, sex ratio, and survival of Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Biological Control 15 (1): 51-56.
SANTIAGO-ISLAS, T.; ZAMORA-CRUZ, A.; FUENTES-TEMBLADOR, E. A.; VALENCIA-LUNA, L.; ARREDONDO-BERNAL, H. C. 2008. Cochinilla rosada del hibiscus, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hempitera: Pseudococcidae). pp. 177-190. En: Arredondo-Bernal, H. C.; Rodríguez del Bosque, L. A. (Eds.). Casos de Control Biológico en México. Editorial Mundi Prensa. México. D.F. 423 p.
SENGONCA, C.; YANUWIADI, B. 1994. Frassverhalten des schmierlausra ubers Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant beidurch Leptomastix dactylopii Howard parasitierten Placococcus citri (Risso). Mitteilungen der DeutchenGesellschaft fur Allgemeine und Angewandte Entomologie 9: 121-124.
SERMEÑO, J. M.; NAVARRO, J. A. 2000. Manual Técnico: Identificación de Insectos de la Superfamilia Coccoidea, con Especial Énfasis en Cochinilla Rosada del Hibisco Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). OIRSA. Universidad del Salvador. San Salvador. 73 p.
VALENCIA-LUNA, L.; SANTIAGO-ISLAS, T.; ZAMORA, A.ARREDONDO-BERNAL, H. C. 2007. Control biológico de la cochinilla rosada del hibiscus Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). pp. 250-266. En: Rodríguez-delBosque, L. A.; Arredondo-Bernal, H. C. (Eds.). Teoría y Aplicación del Control Biológico. Sociedad Mexicana de Control Biológico, México. 303 p.
ZHANG, A.; AMALIN, D.; SHIRALI, S.; SERRANO, M. S.;FRANQUI, R. A.; OLIVER, J. E.; KLUN, J. A.; ALDRICH, J. R.; MEYERDIRK, D. E.; LAPOINTE, S. L. 2004. Sex pheromone of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, contains an unusual cyclobutanoid monoterpene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101: 9601-9606.
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