Effectiveness of the standard evaluation method for hydraulic nozzles employed in stored grain protection trials

https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v34i2.9285
Application technology Volumetric distribution Insecticide deposition Chromatography

Article Sidebar

PDF

Published: Jul 15, 2008
Issue: Vol. 34 No. 2 (2008)
Section Agriculture / Research paper

Publcation metrics

53




 


Main Article Content

Authors

JAVIER A. VÁSQUEZ-CASTRO Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
GILBERTO C. DE BAPTISTA Universidade de São Paulo
CASIMIRO D. GADANHA Jr Universidade de São Paulo
LUIZ R. P. TREVIZAN Universidade de São Paulo
Abstract

In stored grains, smaller depositions and great variation with respect to theoretical insecticide doses are frequently found. The objective of this work was to study the effectiveness of the standard method (ISO 5682/1-1996) employed to evaluate hydraulic nozzles used in stored corn and wheat grain protection experiments. The transversal volumetric distribution and droplet spectrum of a model TJ-60 8002EVS nozzle were determined in order to calibrate a spraying system for an application rate of 5 L/t and to obtain theoretical concentrations of 10 and 0.5 mg/kg of fenitrothion and esfenvalerate, respectively. After treatment, the corn and wheat grains were processed and deposition was analyzed by gas chromatography. The type of grain did not have any influence on insecticide deposition and was dependent upon insecticide only. The insecticide deposits on the grains only reached 42.1 and 38.2% of the intended theoretical values for fenitrothion and esfenvalerate concentrations, respectively. These results demonstrate the ineffectiveness of the standard evaluation method for hydraulic nozzles employed in stored grain protection experiments.

How to Cite
VÁSQUEZ-CASTRO, J. A., C. DE BAPTISTA, G., GADANHA Jr, C. D., & TREVIZAN, L. R. P. (2008). Effectiveness of the standard evaluation method for hydraulic nozzles employed in stored grain protection trials. Revista Colombiana De Entomología, 34(2), 182–187. https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v34i2.9285
References

ACDA, M. A.; SAYABOC, P. B.; GIBE, A. G.; GRAGASIN, C. B. 1994. Trials of grain protectants on stored maize under Philippine conditions, pp. 729-733. In: Highley E.; Wright, E. J.; Banks, H. J.; Champ, B. R. (eds.). Proc. 6th Int. Working Conference of Stored Products Protection, Canberra, Australia. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.

AMBERG, A. A.; BUTTLER, B. J. 1969. High-speed photography as tool for spray droplet analysis. ASAE Paper No. 69-140. St. Joseph, Mich. ASAE.

ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. 1994. Agrotóxico Determinação da tensão superficial Método de ensaio. NBR 13241. Rio de Janeiro, 2 p.

BOUSE, L. F. 1994. Effect of nozzle type and operation on spray droplet size. Transactions of the ASAE 37: 1389-1400.

BUTLER ELLIS, M. C.; TUCK, C. R. 1999. How adjuvants influence spray formation with different hydraulic nozzles. Crop Protection 18: 101-109.

CHAIM, A.; PESSOA, M. C. P. Y.; NETO, J. C.; HERMES, L. C. 2002. Comparison of microscopic method and computational program for pesticide deposition evaluation of spraying. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 37: 493-496.

CUNHA, J. P. A. R.; TEIXEIRA, M. M. 2001. Características técnicas de bicos de pulverização hidráulicos de jato plano. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental 5: 344-348

DEBOUCHE, C.; HUYGHEBAERT, B.; MOSTADE, O. 2000. Simulated and measured coefficients of variation for the spray distribution under a static spray boom. Journal Agricultural Engineering Research 76: 381-388.

DESMARCHELIER, J.; BENGSTON, M.; DAVIES, R.; ELDER, B.; HART, R.; HENNING, R.; MURRAY, W.; RIDLEY, E.; RIPP, E.; SIERAKOWSKI, C.; STICKA, R.; SNELSON, J.; WALLBANK, B.; WILSON, A. 1987. Assessment of the grain protectans chlorpyrifos-methyl plus bioresmethrin, fenitrotion plus (1R)-phenothrin, methacrifos and pirimiphos-methyl plus carbaryl under practical conditions in Australia. Pesticide Science 20: 271-288.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION. 1997. Agricultural and forestry machinery Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors Environmental protection Part2: Low crop sprayers prEN 12761 2: 1997. Bruxelles, CEN. 17 p.

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. 1996. Equipment for crop protection Spraying equipment – Part 1: Test methods of sprayer nozzles, ISO 5682/1-1996 (E), pp. 118, Switzerland.

KRUEGER, H.R.; REICHARD, D.L. 1985. The effect of formulation and pressure on spray distribution across the swath with hydraulic nozzles. ASTM special technical publication 875.

KUENEN, D.J. 1958. Influence of sublethal doses of DDT upon the multiplication rate of Sitophilus granaries (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1: 147-152.

LORINI, I.; BECKEL, H. S. 2002. Mecanismo de resistência das pragas em grãos armazenados. p. 555-568. In Lorini, I.; Miike, L.H.; Scussel, V.M. (eds.) Armazenagem de grãos. Instituto Bio Geneziz. Campinas. Brazil. 983 p.

LUCKEY, T. D. 1968. Insecticide hormoligosis. Journal of Economic Entomology 61: 7-12.

MORSE, J. G. 1998. Agricultural implications of pesticide-induced hormesis of insects and mites. Human & Experimental Toxicology 17: 266-269.

OHLIN, B. 1998. A capillary gas chromatography multi-residue method for the determination of pesticides in cereals and cereal products. In: National Food Administration. Pesticide analytical methods in Sweden. Uppsala. pt. 1., pp. 75-86.

OLIVEIRA, E. E.; GUEDES, R. N. C.; CORRÊA, A. S.; DAMASCENO, B. L.; SANTOS, C. T. 2005. Pyrethroid resistance vs susceptibility in Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Is there a winner? Neotropical Entomology 34: 981-990.

PIMENTEL-GOMES, F. 1987. Curso de Estatística Experimental. Livraria Nobel, São Paulo. 466 p.

REDLINGER, L. M.; ZETTLER, L.; DAVIS, R.; SIMONAITIS, R. A. 1988. Evaluation of pirimiphos-methyl as a protectant for export grain. Journal of Economic Entomology 81: 718-721.

ROTH, L. O.; WHITNEY, R. W.; KUHLMAN, D. K. 1985. Application uniformity and some non-symmetrical distribution patters of agricultural chemicals. Transactions of the ASAE 28: 47-50.

ROWLANDS, D. G. 1975. The metabolism of contact insecticides in stored grains. III. 1970-1974. Residue Review 38: 113-155.

STEEL, R. G. D.; TORRIE, J.H. 1960. Principles and procedures of statistics with special reference to the biological sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York, 481 p.

VARDELL, H. H.; GILLENWATER, H. B.; WHITEN, M. E.; CAGLE, A.; EASON, G.; CAIL, R. S. 1973. Dichlorvos degradation on stored wheat and resulting milling fractions. Journal of Economic Entomology 66: 761-763.

VÁSQUEZ-CASTRO, J. A.; DE BAPTISTA, G. C.; GADANHA J. R, C. D.; TREVIZAN, L. R. P. 2006. Effect of spray volume on the moisture of stored corn and wheat grains, pp. 1131-1135. In: Lorini, I.; Bacaltchuk, B.; Beckel, H.; Deckers, D.; Sundfeld, E.; dos Santos, J. P.; Biagi, J. D.; Celaro, J. C.; Faroni, L.R.D’A.; Bortolini, L. de O. F.; Sartori, M. R.; Elias, M. C.; Guedes, R.N.C.; da Fonseca, R. G.; Scussel, V. M. (eds.). Proc. 9th Int. Working Conference of Stored Products Protection, Campinas, Brazil, ed. ABRAPOS, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

WHITE, N. D. G.; SINHA, R. N. 1990. Effect of chlorpyrifos-methyl on oat ecosystems in farm granaries. Journal of Economic Entomology 83: 1128-1134.

WOLF, R. E. 2003. Assessing the ability of Dropletscan to analyze spray droplet from a ground operated sprayer. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 19: 525-530.

WOLF, R. E. 2005. Comparing downwind spray droplet deposits of four flat fan nozzle types measured in a wind tunnel and analyzed using Dropletscan software. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 21: 173-177.

WOLF, R. E.; WILLIAMS, W. L.; GARDISSER, D. R.; WHITNEY, R. W. 2000. Using “DropletScan” to analyze spray quality. ASAE Paper No MCOO-105. St. Joseph, Mich.: ASAE. 6 p.

WOMAC, A. R.; BUI, Q. D. 2002. Design and test of a variableflow fan nozzle. Transactions of the ASAE 45: 287-295.

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. 1976. Material de lucha contra los vectores. Genève, WHO, 186 p.

Authors retain the copyright on their work and are responsible for the ideas expressed in them. Once a manuscript is approved for publication, authors are asked for a publication license for the term of legal protection, for all territories that allows the use, dissemination and disclosure of the same.