Artificial selection of insecticide resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in Aedes aegypti and cross resistance to other insecticides
Insecticide resistance Organophosphate insecticides Pyrethroid insecticides Control strategies Dengue
Main Article Content
Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue virus worldwide. The chemical control of larvae and adults is based principally on organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides, for which resistance has developed in the field. The management of resistance requires evaluating how rapidly it can develop and the possible generation of cross-resistance between both groups of insecticides. This study evaluates the effects of selection on Ae. aegypti with lambda-cyhalothrin on the development of resistance to this pyrethroid over seven generations and its impact on the appearance of cross-resistance to temephos, malathion, and permethrin insecticides under laboratory conditions. Adults were obtained from larvae collected in the field in Cúcuta (Colombia) and the descendants were exposed to gradually increasing concentrations of insecticides each generation. The development of resistance was confirmed using bioassays on the larvae and adults. Selection increased the ratio of resistance (RR) in each generation (1.25X average). At generation F7, the population was highly resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin for both adults (100% mortality in F1 decreased to 35% mortality in F7) and larvae (RR50 F1 = 24.22 X, RR50 F7 = 61.52 X) when compared to the susceptibility of Rockefeller, the reference line. The line resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin did not present cross-resistance to temephos and malathion (organophosphates) but did present resistance to permethrin (pyrethroid). The information obtained suggests that the rotation of organophosphates and pyrethroids continues to be an appropriate alternative for managing the appearance of resistance on dengue control strategies.
CHAVERRA-RODRÍGUEZ, D., CHAVERRA-RODRÍGUEZ, D., JARAMILLO-OCAMPO, N., & FONSECA-GONZÁLEZ, I. (2012). Artificial selection of insecticide resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in Aedes aegypti and cross resistance to other insecticides. Revista Colombiana De Entomología, 38(1), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v38i1.8965
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BEDHOMME, S.; AGNEW, P.; SIDOBRE, C.; MICHALAKIS, Y.2003. Sexspecific reaction norms to intraspecific larval competition in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16 (4): 721730.
BISSET, J.; RODRÍGUEZ, M.; FERNÁNDEZ, D. 2006. Selection of Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase as a Resistance Mechanism in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Santiago de Cuba. Journal of Medical Entomology 43 (6):11851189.
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CÁRDENAS, R. 2008. Evaluación del estado actual de la susceptibilidad a insecticidas en los principales vectores de malaria; dengue y fiebre amarilla urbana en Norte de Santander; Colombia zona fronteriza con Venezuela e Iniciación de la red de vigilancia de la resistencia a insecticidas. Tesis de Maestría. Magíster Scientiae en Protozoología. Núcleo Universitario Rafael Rangel Universidad de los Andes ULA. 98 p.
CARVALHO, M. P.; CALDAS, E.; DEGALLIER, N.; VILARINHOS, P.; SOUZA, L.; YOSHIZAWA, M.; KNOX, M.; OLIVEIRA, C. 2004. Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti larvae to the insecticide Temefós in the Federal District Brazil. Revista de Saúde Pública 8 (5): 623629.
DACUNHA, M.; LIMA, J. B. P.; BROGDON, W. G.; MOYA, G.E.; VALLE, D. 2005. Monitoring of resistance to the pyrethroid cypermethrin in Brazilian Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations collected between 2001 and 2003. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 100 (4): 441444.
FINNEY, D. 1971. Probit analysis: a statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve. Cambridge University Press. London, New York and Melbourne. 333 p.
FLORES, A. E; GRAJALES, J.; SALAS, I.; PONCE, G.; LOZANO, S.; BROGDON, W.; BLACK IV, W.; BEATY, B. 2006.
Mechanisms of insecticide resistance in field populations of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Quintana Roo, Southern Mexico. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 22: 672677.
FONSECAGONZÁLEZ, I. 2008. Estatus de la resistencia a insecticidas de los vectores primarios de malaria y dengue en Antioquia; Chocó; Norte de Santander y Putumayo; Colombia. Tesis de doctorado. Medellín. Universidad de Antioquia. 123 p.
FONSECAGONZÁLEZ, I; QUIÑONES, M.; LENHART, A.; BROGDON, W. 2011. Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Colombia. Pesticide Management Sciences 67 (4): 430437.
GEORGHIOU, G.; WIRTH, M.; TRAN, H.; SAUME, F.; KNUDSEN, A. 1987. Potential for organophosphate resistance in Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae) in the Caribbean area and neighboring countries. Journal of Medical Entomology 24 (3): 290294.
HAMDAN, H.; SOFIANAZIRUN, M.; AHMAD, N.; LIM, L.2005. Insecticide resistance development in Culex quinquefasciatus (Say); Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) larvae against malathion; permethrin and temephos. Tropical Biomedicine 22 (1): 4552.
HEMINGWAY, J.; RANSON, H. 2000. Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human disease. Annual Review of Entomology 43: 371391.
HEMINGWAY, J.; KARUNARATNE, S. 1998. Mosquito carboxylesterases: a review of the molecular biology and biochemistry of a major insecticide resistance mechanism. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 12: 112.
LUNA, J.; MARTINS, M.; ANJOS, A.; KUWABARA, E.; NAVARROSILVA, M. 2004. Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to temephos and cypermethrin insecticides in Brazil. Revista de Saude Publica 38 (6): 842843.
MACORIS, M.; MACORIS, M.; CAMARGO, V.; CARVALHO, L.; CALDAS, A; BROGDON, W. 2007. Association of insecticide use and alteration on Aedes aegypti susceptibility status. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 102 (8): 895900.
MAZZARRI, M.; GEORGHIOU, G. 1995. Characterization of resistance to organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides in field populations of Aedes aegypti from Venezuela. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 11 (3): 315322.
MELOSANTOS, M.; VARJALMELO, J.; ARAUJO, A.; GOMES, T.; PAIVA M.; REGIS L.; FURTADO, A.; MAGALHAESA, T.; MACORIS, M.; ANDRIGHETTID, M.; AYRESA, C. 2010. Resistance to the organophosphate temephos: Mechanisms, evolution and reversion in an Aedes aegypti laboratory strain from Brazil. Acta Tropica 113 (2): 180189.
MOLINA, D.; BISSET, J.; RODRÍGUEZ, M.; GONZÁLEZ, J.; SALAS, O.; BARAZARTE, H.; SALCEDO, A. 1995. Estudio de la susceptibilidad a insecticidas organosfosforados y piretroides en cepas de Aedes aegypti (Linn). de cinco estados de Venezuela. Boletín de la Dirección de Malariología y Saneramiento Ambiental 4: 8588.
NAZNI, W.; LEE, H.; SA’DIYAH, I. 1998. Rate of resistance development in wild Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) selected by malathion and permethrin. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine & Public Health 29 (4): 849855.
OCAMPO, C.; SALAZARTERREROS, M.J.; MINA, N.J.; MCALLISTER, J.; BROGDON, W. 2011. Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti in 10 localities in Colombia. Acta Tropica 118 (1): 3744.
OMS, 2010. Dengue y dengue hemorrágico. Nota descriptiva N° 117 Marzo de 2009. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/es/index.html. [Fecha revisión: 10 enero 2010].
PAEPORN, P.; YAUMPHAN, P.; SUPAPHATHOM, K.; SAVANPANYALERT, P.; WATTANACHAI, P.; PATIMA PRAKORN, R. 2004a. Insecticide susceptibility and selection for resistance in a population of Aedes aegypti from Ratchaburi Province; Thailand. Tropical Biomedicine 21 (2): 18.
PAEPORN, P.; SUPAPHATHOM, K.; SRISAWAT, R.; KOMALAMISRA, N.; DEESIN, V.; YAUMPHAN, P. 2004b. Biochemica detection of pyrethroid resistance mechanism in Aedes aegypti in Ratchaburi province; Thailand. Tropical Biomedicine 21 (2): 145151.
RAYMOND, M. 1985. Présentation d’ un programme d’analyse log. Probit pour microordinateur. Cahiers ORSTOM, Sér. Cnt. Medicine Et. Parasitology 22 (2): 117121.
RAWLINS, S.; WAN, J. 1995. Resistance in some Caribbean populations of Aedes aegypti to several insecticides. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 11 (1): 5965.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; RUIZ, M.; SOCA, A. 2002. Cross resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides induced by selection with temephos in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. Journal of Medical Entomology 39: 882888.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; DIAZ, C.; SOCA, A. 2003. Resistencia cruzada a piretroides en Aedes aegypti de Cuba inducido por la selección con el insecticida organofosforado malatión. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical 55 (2): 105111.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; FERNÁNDEZ, D.; PÉREZ, O. 2004. Resistencia a insecticidas en larvas y adultos de Aedes aegypti: prevalencia de esterasa A4 asociada con la resistencia a temefos. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical 56 (1): 5460.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; DE ARMAS, Y.; RAMOS, F. 2005. Pyrethroid insecticideresistant strain of Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by deltamethrin selection. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 21 (4): 437445.
RODRÍGUEZ, M. 2008. Estudio de la resistencia a insecticidas. Tesis doctoral. Instituto de Medicina tropical Pedro Kouri 114 p.
SELVI, S.; ENDAH, M.; NAZNI, W.; LEE, H.; AZAHARU, A. 2005. Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in Culex quinquefasciatus against selection pressure of malathion and permethrin and its relationship to crossresistance towards propoxur. Tropical Biomedicine 22 (2): 103113.
SIVIGILA 2010. Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública SISTEMA DE VIGILANCIA EN SALUD PÚBLICA SIVIGILA Semana Epidemiológica 51.
TIKAR, S.; KUMAR, A.; PRASAD, G.; PRAKASH, S. 2009.Temephosinduced resistance in Aedes aegypti and its crossresistance studies to certain insecticides from India. Parasitology Research 105: 5763.
WIRTH, M.; GEORGHIOU, G. 1999. Selection and characterization of temephos resistance in a population of Aedes aegypti from Tortola; British Virgin Islands. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 15: 315320.
WHO, 1981. Instructions for determining the susceptibility of mosquito larvae to insecticides. Geneva. 10 p.
ALCALDÍA DE SAN JOSÉ DE CÚCUTASECRETARÍA DE SALUD. 2008. Adquisición de insecticida adulticida y larvicida para el Control químico de los vectores del dengue, paludismo, fiebre amarilla y Chagas. Circular Análisis de conveniencia y oportunidad 12 p.
BEDHOMME, S.; AGNEW, P.; SIDOBRE, C.; MICHALAKIS, Y.2003. Sexspecific reaction norms to intraspecific larval competition in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16 (4): 721730.
BISSET, J.; RODRÍGUEZ, M.; FERNÁNDEZ, D. 2006. Selection of Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase as a Resistance Mechanism in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Santiago de Cuba. Journal of Medical Entomology 43 (6):11851189.
BRAGA, I.; LIMA, J.; SOARES, S.; VALLE, D. 2004. Aedes aegypti resistance to Temefós during 2001 in several Municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Sergipe and Alagoas; Brazil. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 99 (2): 199203.
BROGDON, W.; McALLISTER, J. 1998. Simplification of adult mosquito bioassays through use of timemortality determinations in glass bottles. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 14 (2): 159164.
CÁRDENAS, R. 2008. Evaluación del estado actual de la susceptibilidad a insecticidas en los principales vectores de malaria; dengue y fiebre amarilla urbana en Norte de Santander; Colombia zona fronteriza con Venezuela e Iniciación de la red de vigilancia de la resistencia a insecticidas. Tesis de Maestría. Magíster Scientiae en Protozoología. Núcleo Universitario Rafael Rangel Universidad de los Andes ULA. 98 p.
CARVALHO, M. P.; CALDAS, E.; DEGALLIER, N.; VILARINHOS, P.; SOUZA, L.; YOSHIZAWA, M.; KNOX, M.; OLIVEIRA, C. 2004. Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti larvae to the insecticide Temefós in the Federal District Brazil. Revista de Saúde Pública 8 (5): 623629.
DACUNHA, M.; LIMA, J. B. P.; BROGDON, W. G.; MOYA, G.E.; VALLE, D. 2005. Monitoring of resistance to the pyrethroid cypermethrin in Brazilian Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations collected between 2001 and 2003. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 100 (4): 441444.
FINNEY, D. 1971. Probit analysis: a statistical treatment of the sigmoid response curve. Cambridge University Press. London, New York and Melbourne. 333 p.
FLORES, A. E; GRAJALES, J.; SALAS, I.; PONCE, G.; LOZANO, S.; BROGDON, W.; BLACK IV, W.; BEATY, B. 2006.
Mechanisms of insecticide resistance in field populations of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Quintana Roo, Southern Mexico. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 22: 672677.
FONSECAGONZÁLEZ, I. 2008. Estatus de la resistencia a insecticidas de los vectores primarios de malaria y dengue en Antioquia; Chocó; Norte de Santander y Putumayo; Colombia. Tesis de doctorado. Medellín. Universidad de Antioquia. 123 p.
FONSECAGONZÁLEZ, I; QUIÑONES, M.; LENHART, A.; BROGDON, W. 2011. Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Colombia. Pesticide Management Sciences 67 (4): 430437.
GEORGHIOU, G.; WIRTH, M.; TRAN, H.; SAUME, F.; KNUDSEN, A. 1987. Potential for organophosphate resistance in Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae) in the Caribbean area and neighboring countries. Journal of Medical Entomology 24 (3): 290294.
HAMDAN, H.; SOFIANAZIRUN, M.; AHMAD, N.; LIM, L.2005. Insecticide resistance development in Culex quinquefasciatus (Say); Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) larvae against malathion; permethrin and temephos. Tropical Biomedicine 22 (1): 4552.
HEMINGWAY, J.; RANSON, H. 2000. Insecticide resistance in insect vectors of human disease. Annual Review of Entomology 43: 371391.
HEMINGWAY, J.; KARUNARATNE, S. 1998. Mosquito carboxylesterases: a review of the molecular biology and biochemistry of a major insecticide resistance mechanism. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 12: 112.
LUNA, J.; MARTINS, M.; ANJOS, A.; KUWABARA, E.; NAVARROSILVA, M. 2004. Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to temephos and cypermethrin insecticides in Brazil. Revista de Saude Publica 38 (6): 842843.
MACORIS, M.; MACORIS, M.; CAMARGO, V.; CARVALHO, L.; CALDAS, A; BROGDON, W. 2007. Association of insecticide use and alteration on Aedes aegypti susceptibility status. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 102 (8): 895900.
MAZZARRI, M.; GEORGHIOU, G. 1995. Characterization of resistance to organophosphate, carbamate, and pyrethroid insecticides in field populations of Aedes aegypti from Venezuela. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 11 (3): 315322.
MELOSANTOS, M.; VARJALMELO, J.; ARAUJO, A.; GOMES, T.; PAIVA M.; REGIS L.; FURTADO, A.; MAGALHAESA, T.; MACORIS, M.; ANDRIGHETTID, M.; AYRESA, C. 2010. Resistance to the organophosphate temephos: Mechanisms, evolution and reversion in an Aedes aegypti laboratory strain from Brazil. Acta Tropica 113 (2): 180189.
MOLINA, D.; BISSET, J.; RODRÍGUEZ, M.; GONZÁLEZ, J.; SALAS, O.; BARAZARTE, H.; SALCEDO, A. 1995. Estudio de la susceptibilidad a insecticidas organosfosforados y piretroides en cepas de Aedes aegypti (Linn). de cinco estados de Venezuela. Boletín de la Dirección de Malariología y Saneramiento Ambiental 4: 8588.
NAZNI, W.; LEE, H.; SA’DIYAH, I. 1998. Rate of resistance development in wild Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) selected by malathion and permethrin. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine & Public Health 29 (4): 849855.
OCAMPO, C.; SALAZARTERREROS, M.J.; MINA, N.J.; MCALLISTER, J.; BROGDON, W. 2011. Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti in 10 localities in Colombia. Acta Tropica 118 (1): 3744.
OMS, 2010. Dengue y dengue hemorrágico. Nota descriptiva N° 117 Marzo de 2009. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/es/index.html. [Fecha revisión: 10 enero 2010].
PAEPORN, P.; YAUMPHAN, P.; SUPAPHATHOM, K.; SAVANPANYALERT, P.; WATTANACHAI, P.; PATIMA PRAKORN, R. 2004a. Insecticide susceptibility and selection for resistance in a population of Aedes aegypti from Ratchaburi Province; Thailand. Tropical Biomedicine 21 (2): 18.
PAEPORN, P.; SUPAPHATHOM, K.; SRISAWAT, R.; KOMALAMISRA, N.; DEESIN, V.; YAUMPHAN, P. 2004b. Biochemica detection of pyrethroid resistance mechanism in Aedes aegypti in Ratchaburi province; Thailand. Tropical Biomedicine 21 (2): 145151.
RAYMOND, M. 1985. Présentation d’ un programme d’analyse log. Probit pour microordinateur. Cahiers ORSTOM, Sér. Cnt. Medicine Et. Parasitology 22 (2): 117121.
RAWLINS, S.; WAN, J. 1995. Resistance in some Caribbean populations of Aedes aegypti to several insecticides. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 11 (1): 5965.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; RUIZ, M.; SOCA, A. 2002. Cross resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides induced by selection with temephos in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. Journal of Medical Entomology 39: 882888.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; DIAZ, C.; SOCA, A. 2003. Resistencia cruzada a piretroides en Aedes aegypti de Cuba inducido por la selección con el insecticida organofosforado malatión. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical 55 (2): 105111.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; FERNÁNDEZ, D.; PÉREZ, O. 2004. Resistencia a insecticidas en larvas y adultos de Aedes aegypti: prevalencia de esterasa A4 asociada con la resistencia a temefos. Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical 56 (1): 5460.
RODRÍGUEZ, M.; BISSET, J.; DE ARMAS, Y.; RAMOS, F. 2005. Pyrethroid insecticideresistant strain of Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by deltamethrin selection. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 21 (4): 437445.
RODRÍGUEZ, M. 2008. Estudio de la resistencia a insecticidas. Tesis doctoral. Instituto de Medicina tropical Pedro Kouri 114 p.
SELVI, S.; ENDAH, M.; NAZNI, W.; LEE, H.; AZAHARU, A. 2005. Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in Culex quinquefasciatus against selection pressure of malathion and permethrin and its relationship to crossresistance towards propoxur. Tropical Biomedicine 22 (2): 103113.
SIVIGILA 2010. Subdirección de Vigilancia y Control en Salud Pública SISTEMA DE VIGILANCIA EN SALUD PÚBLICA SIVIGILA Semana Epidemiológica 51.
TIKAR, S.; KUMAR, A.; PRASAD, G.; PRAKASH, S. 2009.Temephosinduced resistance in Aedes aegypti and its crossresistance studies to certain insecticides from India. Parasitology Research 105: 5763.
WIRTH, M.; GEORGHIOU, G. 1999. Selection and characterization of temephos resistance in a population of Aedes aegypti from Tortola; British Virgin Islands. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 15: 315320.
WHO, 1981. Instructions for determining the susceptibility of mosquito larvae to insecticides. Geneva. 10 p.
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