Please ensure Javascript is enabled for purposes of website accessibility
Skip to main content Skip to main navigation menu Skip to site footer
10.25100/socolen.v47i1.7806
Submitted: 24-04-2019
Published: 03-02-2021

Population fluctuation and parasitism of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)in citrus trees from Atacama Desert, Chile

Universidad Arturo Prat
Universidad Arturo Prat
Keywords: Woolly whitefly, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, citrus pests, phytophagous, Aleurothrixus floccosus

How to Cite

1.
Tello-Mercado V, Zarzar-Maza M. Population fluctuation and parasitism of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)in citrus trees from Atacama Desert, Chile. Rev. Colomb. Entomol. [Internet]. 2021 Feb. 3 [cited 2026 Oct. 23];47(1):3. Available from: https://revistacolombianaentomologia.univalle.edu.co/index.php/SOCOLEN/article/view/7806
Metrics

499 | 292 | 37




 

Download:

Abstract

The effect of three different types of crop management on parasitism of Aleurothrixus floccosus in the Atacama Desert was studied. The studied parasitoids were: Cales noacki, Eretmocerus paulistus, Amitus spiniferus, and the hyperparasitoid Signiphora sp. The study was performed in Pica Oasis, located in the Atacama Desert, Tarapacá region, Chile, from February 2009 until February 2011. Three orchards were selected based on the type of plantation: the Bajo Miraflores Sector with plantation frames (5 x 5 m) and pruning management; the San Lorenzo Sector without plantation frames or pruning management; and Miraflores Sector that represents a mixed system between both of them. Two sampling procedures were applied. One was of the absolute type, in which 36 leaves per tree were collected from four labeled trees that were sampled twice a month, and the other was collected through yellow sticky chrome-attracting traps set in the central part of each of the labeled trees used for absolute sampling. The results indicate that in the Oasis of Pica, the different stages of A. floccosus are distributed throughout the year; with all stages represented during every month. The three sampled sectors exhibited different population levels of A. floccosus. The hyperparasitoid Signophora sp. presented the highest population density. The average parasitism percentage of A. floccosus in Pica was lower than 15 %.

498 329
  1. ALFORD, D. V. 2014. Pests of fruit crops. 2da Edición. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, EE. UU. 462 p. https://doi. org/10.1201/b17030
  2. ANDREW, N. R.; HUGHES, L. 2005. Diversity and assemblage structure of phytophagous Hemiptera along a latitudinal gradient: predicting the potential impacts of climate change.
  3. Global Ecology and Biogeography 14 (3): 249-262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822x.2005.00149.x
  4. CARRERO, J. M.; TARANCÓN, J. 1979. Contribución al estudio de la biología de la mosca blanca de los agrios, Aleurothrixus floccosus Mask., en la región valenciana. II. Datos biológicos de campo, 1974. Anales INIA. Servicio de Protección Vegetal (9): 93-106.
  5. DEBACH, P.; ROSE, M. 1976. Biological control of woolly whitefly. California Agriculture 30 (5): 4-7. http://calag.ucanr. edu/archive/?type=pdf&article=ca.v030n05p4
  6. EKBOM, B. S.; XU, R. M. 1990. Sampling and spatial patterns of whiteflies. pp. 107-121. En: Gerling, D. (Ed.). Whiteflies: their bionomics, pest status and management. Intercept. Hants, Reino Unido. 348 p.
  7. EVANS, G. A. 2007. The whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) of the world and their host plants and natural enemies. USDA/Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). http://keys.
  8. lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/whitefly/PDF_PwP%20ETC/worldwhitefly-catalog-Evans.pdf [Fecha revisión: 24 enero 2018]
  9. GARRIDO, A.; DEL BUSTO, T.; TARANCON, J.; MARTÍNEZ,M. 1978. Una técnica para apreciar
  10. estados inmaduros de Cales noacki How. (Himenop: Aphelinidae). Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal. Plagas 4 (1): 35-41. https://www.miteco.gob.es/ministerio/pags/biblioteca/plagas/BSVP-04-01-035-041.pdf
  11. GASTON, K. J. 2000. Global patterns in biodiversity. Nature 405: 220-227. https://doi.org/10.1038/35012228
  12. GILIOMEE, J. H.; MILLAR, I. M. 2009. The woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a potentially serious citrus pest, recorded from South
  13. Africa. African Entomology 17 (2): 232-233. https://doi.org/10.4001/003.017.0216
  14. GUERRIERI, E.; VIGGIANI, G. 1988. Osservazioni sull’ Aleurothrixus floccosus (Mask.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) e sul suo antagonista Cales noacki How. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in Campania. Annali del Facoltà di Agrari di Portici della
  15. Università di Napoli 4 (22): 11-17. HOELMER, K. A.; SIMMONS, A. M. 2008. Yellow sticky
  16. trap catches of parasitoids of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in vegetable crops and their relationship to infield populations. Environmental Entomology 37 (2): 391-399.
  17. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/37.2.391
  18. KATSOYANNOS, P.; IFANTIS, K.; KONTODIMAS, D. C. 1997. Phenology, population trend and natural enemies of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) at a newly invaded
  19. area in Athens, Greece. Entomophaga 42: 619-628. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02769820
  20. KAY, M.; WOBBROCK, J. 2018. ARTool: Aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial ANOVAs. R package version 0.10.5. Disponible en: https://github.com/mjskay/ARTool [Fecha
  21. revisión: 20 enero 2018].
  22. KLEIN, K. C.; WATERHOUSE, D. F. 2000. The distribution and importance of arthropods associated with agriculture and forestry in Chile. ACIAR Monograph. Canberra, Australia. 234 p.
  23. LEMON, J. 2006. Plotrix: a package in the red light district of R. R-News 6 (4): 8-12. https://www.r-project.org/doc/Rnews/Rnews_2006-4.pdf
  24. LENTH, R. V. 2018. EMMEANS: Estimated marginal means, akaleast-squares means. R package version 1.2.4. https://CRAN.Rproject.org/package=emmeans
  25. LUPPICHINI, P.; RIPA, R.; LARRAL, P.; NÚÑEZ, E.; RODRÍGUEZ, F. 2008. Woolly whitefly/woolly citrus whitefly,Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell). pp. 111-119. En: Ripa, R.; Larral, P. (Eds.). Pest management in citrus and avocado. INIA Books Collection. Santiago de Chile, Chile. 397 p.
  26. MYARTSEVA, S. N.; RUIZ-CANCINO, E.; CORONADO-BLANCO, J. M. 2012. Serie Avispas parasíticas de plagas y otros insectos No. 8. Aphelinidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) de importancia agrícola en México. Revisión y claves. Universidad Autónoma de
  27. Tamaulipas. Ciudad Victoria México, México. 413 p.
  28. MYERS, N.; MITTERMEIER, R. A.; MITTERMEIER, C. G.; FONSECA, G. A. B.; KENT, J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853-858. https://doi.
  29. org/10.1038/35002501
  30. PAULSON, G. S.; KUMASHIRO, B. R. 1985. HawaiianAleyrodidae. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 25: 103-124. http s://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/
  31. bitstream/10125/11179/25_102-124.pdf
  32. PAULSON, G. S.; BEARDSLEY, J. W. 1986. Development, oviposition and longevity of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian
  33. Entomological Society 26: 97-99. https://scholarspace.manoa. hawaii.edu/bitstream/10125/11199/26_97-99.pdf
  34. PINTO-ZEVALLOS, D. M; VÄNNINEN, I. 2013. Yellow sticky traps for decision-making in whitefly management: What has been achieved? Crop Protection 47: 74-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2013.01.009
  35. R CORE TEAM. 2018. R: A language and environment for statisticalcomputing. R Foundation
  36. for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria. Disponible en: https://www.R-project.org/ [Fecha
  37. revisión: 20 enero 2018].
  38. RAGUSA, S.; VARGAS, R.; TSOLAKIS, H.; ASHBACH, R. 2000. Laboratory studies on the influence of various food substances on some biological and life-table parameters of Cydnodromus picanus Ragusa (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae) associated with citrus tree in the chilean desert. Phytophaga 10: 11-23. RIPA, R.; RODRÍGUEZ, F.; ROJAS, S.; LARRAL, P.; CASTRO, L.; ORTÚZAR, J.; CARMONA, P.; VARGAS, R. 1999. Citrus pests, their natural enemies and management, No. 3. INIA Books Collection. Santiago de Chile, Chile. 151 p.
  39. ROJAS P., S. 2005. Control biológico de plagas en Chile. Historia y avances. Libros INIA. La Cruz, Chile. 123 p.
  40. ROSE, M.; WOOLLEY, J. B. 1984. Previously imported parasite may control invading whitefly. California Agriculture 38 (3): 24-25. http://calag.ucanr.edu/archive/?type=pdf&article=ca.
  41. v038n03p24
  42. SANTABALLA, E.; BORRAS, C.; COLOMER, P. 1980. Lucha contra la mosca blanca de los cítricos Aleurothrixus floccosus Mask. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal. Plagas 6 (2): 109-118.
  43. https://www.miteco.gob.es/ministerio/pags/biblioteca/plagas/BSVP-06-02-109-118.pdf
  44. SANTAMARÍA, A.; COSTA-COMELLES, J.; ALONSO, A.; RODRÍGUEZ, J. M.; FERRER, J. 1998. Ensayo del hongo entomopatógeno Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin para el control de la mosca blanca de los cítricos Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) y su acción sobre el parásito Cales noacki (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal. Plagas 24 (4): 695-706. https://www.miteco.gob.es/ministerio/pags/biblioteca/plagas/BSVP-24-04-695-706.pdf
  45. SOTO, A.; OLENSCHLÄGER, F.; GARCÍA-MARI, F. 1999. Situación del control biológico de las moscas blancas de cítricos A. floccosus, P. myricae y D. citrien la Comunidad Valenciana.
  46. Levante agrícola 349: 475-484.
  47. SOTO, A.; OHLENSCHLAGER, F.; GARCÍA-MARÍ, F. 2001. Dinámica poblacional y control biológico de las moscas blancas Aleurothrixus floccosus, Dialeurodes citri y Parabemisia
  48. myricae (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) en los cítricos valencianos. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal. Plagas 27 (1): 3-20. https://www.mapa.gob.es/ministerio/pags/biblioteca/revistas/pdf_plagas/
  49. BSVP-27-01-003-020.pdf
  50. SOTO-SÁNCHEZ, A.; OHLENSCHLAEGER, F.; GARCÍAMARÍ, F. 2004. Muestreo de poblaciones de moscas blancas en cítricos. Phytoma 164: 66-72.
  51. TELLO, V.; SOLIMANO, E.; GILIOMEE, J. H. 2014. Life table parameters of the woolly whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its parasitoid Cales noacki (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). European Journal of Entomology 111 (2): 251- 256.https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2014.020
  52. ULUSOY, M. R.; VATANSEVER, G.; ERKILIC, L.; UYGUN, N. 2003. Studies on Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) and its parasitoid, Cales noacki Howard
  53. (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) in the East Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Pest Science 76 (6): 163-169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-003-0014-5
  54. WOBBROCK, J. O.; FINDLATER, L.; GERGLE, D.; HIGGINS, J. J. 2011. The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only ANOVA procedures. pp. 143-146. En: Association for Computing Machinery. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CHI ’11. New York, NY, EE. UU., https://doi. org/10.1145/1978942.1978963
  55. YERLIYAYA, H.; BASPINAR, H.; YILDIRIM, E. M. 2016. Determination of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) population fluctuation and its natural enemies in
  56. Aydın. Türkiye Entomoloji Bülteni 6 (1): 75-81. https://doi.org/10.16969/teb.48650
Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

1.
Tello-Mercado V, Zarzar-Maza M. Population fluctuation and parasitism of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)in citrus trees from Atacama Desert, Chile. Rev. Colomb. Entomol. [Internet]. 2021 Feb. 3 [cited 2026 Oct. 23];47(1):3. Available from: https://revistacolombianaentomologia.univalle.edu.co/index.php/SOCOLEN/article/view/7806
Citations
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2021 Víctor Tello-Mercado, Miguel Zarzar-Maza