Diversity trends of ants and carabids in four altitudes at the Farallones Natural Park, Colombia
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The different environmental conditions throughout the habitats at different altitudes of the tropical Andes allow the settlement and stratification of a great diversity of flora and fauna, including insects. In order to evaluate the change in the diversity of ants and carabid beetles as a function of an altitudinal gradient in the National Natural Park Farallones de Cali (Colombian southwest), the ant and carabid fauna were analyzed in a sub-Andean Forest (1600 m a.s.l.), an Andean Forest (2400 m a.s.l.), a high Andean Forest (3200 m a.s.l.) and a paramo ecosystem (3800 m a.s.l.). In each altitude, the specimens were collected with pitfall traps, manually, foliage agitation, leaf litter sifting with mini-Winkler bags extraction, and light traps in a standardized way was carried out during a single expedition of five days at each locality. Diversity was evaluated through accumulation curves and diversity indices with the Hill series and its comparison between locations was made through additive partitioning and NMDS. The results support a decrease in ant diversity with increasing altitude, and an accumulation of carabid diversity at intermediate altitudes of the gradient. The diversity of both groups is consistent with Rapoport's altitudinal rule. Each altitude presented a unique species composition, except for carabids found at the high Andean and sub-Andean forests. This study contributes to the knowledge of the diversity of insects in forests, moorland (paramos) and sub-moorlands of the PNN Farallones de Cali, which until now, was almost unknown and will also serve as a basis for future studies.
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Published 2024-06-04
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