Susceptibility of four noctuid pests (Lepidoptera) to the Cry1Ac gene of Bacillus thuringiensis incorporated into cotton
Main Article Content
Transgenic plants possessing genes of the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) which codify for toxin production effective against some pests, are considered useful within the management of insects. However, these commercial cultivars do not control satisfactorily all noctuids, and besides, at a distance, induce resistance. Diverse populations of native Heliothis virescens, Helicoverpa zea, Spodoptera frugiperda and S. sunia strains were evaluated to determine the susceptibility to the toxin Cry1Ac of the cultivar Bollgard®, planted in Colombia. Cry1Ac was obtained from a Bt gene cloned in Escherichia coli and from MVP® (protoxin encapsulated in Pseudomonas). Neonate larvae were exposed to seriated dose of the toxin, incorporated within meridic diet and also fed with fresh transgenic cotton tissue. Weight and adult emergency of the survivors were determined. Results were submitted to an Anova and LC was obtained by Probit analysis. An acceptable susceptibility of H. virescens, LC50 of 3.52 and 3.81 g/mL, 2005A y 2006A, respectively, and a 100% mortality when feeding neonates with terminal leaves was found. LC50 for H. zea varied from 3.42 to 6.12 g/mL; as the toxin dose increased, the pupal weight decreased and a high percentage of deformed pupae were observed. For Spodoptera spp., LC50 oscilated between 192 y 1.178 g/mL, showing its resistance to the toxin. It was concluded that, at the moment, the transgenic cotton provides satisfactory control of the Heliothine, but no of the Spodoptera complex.
ADAMCZYK Jr., J. J.; GORE, J. 2004. Development of bollworms, Helicoverpa zea, on two commercial Bollgard® that differ in overall Cry1Ac levels. Journal Insect Science 4: 32.
ADAMCZYK Jr., J. J.; HARDEE, D. D.; ADAMS, L. C.; SUMMERFORD, D. V. 2001. Correlating differences in larval survival and development of bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to differential expression of Cry1A(c) -endotoxin in various plant parts among commercial cultivars of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis cotton. Journal of Economic Entomology 94 (1): 284-290.
AKHURST, R. J.; JAMES, W.; BIRD, L. J.; BEARD, C. 2003. Resistance to the Cry1Ac -endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (4): 1290-1299.
ALI, M. I.; LUTRELL, R. G.; YOUNG, III, S. Y. 2006. Susceptibilities of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations to Cry1Ac insecticidal protein. Journal of Economic Entomology 99 (1): 164-175.
ASHLEY, T. R. 1983. Growth pattern alterations in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda larvae after parasitization by Apanteles marginiventris, Campoletis grioti, Chelonus insularis, and Eiphosoma vitticole. The Florida Entomologist 66 (2): 260-266.
AYRA-PARDO, C.; RODRÍGUEZ-CABRERA, L.; FERNÁNDEZPARLÁ, Y.: TÉLLEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, P. 2006. Increased activity of a hybrid Bt toxin against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae from a maize field in Cuba. Biotecnología Aplicada 23: 236-239.
BIRD, L. J.; AKHURST, R. J. 2005. Fitness of Cry1A-resistant and–susceptible Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on transgenic cotton with reduced levels of Cry1Ac. Journal of Economic Entomology 98 (4): 1311-1319.
BOHOROVA, N.; CABRERA, M.; ABARCA, C.; QUINTERO, R.; MACIEL, A. M.; BRITO, R. M.; HOISINGTON, D.; BRAVO, A. 1997. Susceptibility of four tropical lepidopteran maize pests to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1-type insecticidal toxins. Journal of Economic Entomology 90 (2): 412-415.
BORRERO, F.; ZENNER DE POLANÍA, I. 1998. Resistencia potencial de Spodoptera frugiperda a Bacillus thuringiensis subesp. kurstaki. Manejo Integrado de Plagas (Costa Rica) 47: 18-23.
CARRIÈRE, Y.; DENNEHY, T. J.; PEDERSEN, B.; HALLER, S.; ELLERS-KIRK, C.; ANTILLA, L.; LIU, Y-B.; WILLOTT, E.; TABASHNIK, B. 2001. Large-scale management of insect resistance to transgenic cotton in Arizona: can transgenic insecticidal crops be sustained? Journal Economic Entomology 94 (2): 315-325.
CHITKOWSKI, R. J.; TURNIPSEED, S. G.; SULLIVAN, M. J.; BRIDGES, W. C. 2003. Field and laboratory evaluations of transgenic cottons expressing one or two Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Berliner proteins for management of noctuid (Lepidoptera) pests. Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (3): 755-762.
CRUZ, I.; REZENDE, M. A. A.; DELLA LUCIA, T. M. C. 1991. Biología de Chelonus (Chelonus) insularis (Cresson, 1865), parasitóide de ovo/lagarta de Spodoptera frugiperda. En: Memorias Congreso Brasilero de Entomología. Recife. Sociedade Entomol. Brasil. 264 p.
ESTRUCH, J. J.; WARREN, G. W.; MULLINS, M. A.; NYE, G. J.; CRAIG, J. A.; KOZIEL, M. G. 1996. Vip3A, a novel Bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein with a wide spectrum of activities against lepidopteran insects. Proceeding National Academy of Science 93: 5389-5394.
FERNÁNDEZ B., R.; CLAVIJO A., S. 1984. Efecto de dos insecticidas (uno químico y otro biológico) sobre el parasitismo observado en larvas de Spodoptera frugiperda (S.) provenientes de parcelas experimentales de maíz. Revista Facultad Agronomía. 13: 101-109.
GARCZYNSKI, S.F.; CRIM, J.W.; ADANG, M.J. 1991. Identification of putative insect brush border membrana-binding molecules specific to Bacillus thuringiensis -endotoxin by protein plot analysis. Applied Environmental Microbiology 57 (10): 28162820.
GIOLO, F. P.; BUSATO, G. R.; GARCÍA, M. S.; MANZINI, C. G.; BERNARDI, O.; ZART, M. 2006. Biología de Helicoverpa zea (Boddie, 1850) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em duas dietas artificillas. Revista Brasileira de Agrociência (Pelotas). 12 (2):
-171.
GORE, J.; LEONARD, B. R.; JONES, II. 2003a. Influence of agronomic hosts on the susceptibility of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to genetically engineered and nonengineered cotton. Environmental Entomology 32 (1): 103-110.
GORE, J.; LEONARD, B. R.; GABLE, R. H. 2003b. Distribution of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), injured reproductive structures on genetically engineered Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki Berliner cotton. Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (3): 699-705.
GREENPLATE, T. J.; MULLINS, J. W.; PENN, S. R.; DAHM, A.; REICH, B. J.; OSBORN, J. A.; RAHN, P. R.; RUSCHKE, L.; SHAPPLEY, Z. W. 2003. Partial characterization of cotton plants expressing two toxin proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis: relative toxin contribution, toxin interaction, and resistance management. Journal of Applied Entomology 127: 340-347.
GUSTAFSON, D.I.; HEAD, G. P.; CAPRIO, M. A. 2006. Modeling the impact of alternative hosts on Helicoverpa zea adaption to Bollgard cotton. Journal of Economic Entomology 99 (6): 21162124.
HALCOMB, J. L.; BENEDICT, J. H.; COOK, B.; RING, D. R. 1996. Survival and growth of bollworm and tobacco budworm on nontransgenic and transgenic cotton expressing a Cry1A insecticidal protein (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environmental Entomology 25 (2): 250-255.
INTERNATIONAL COTTON ADVISORY COMMITTEE, ICAC. 2005. Concerns, apprehensions and risks of biotech cotton. WideStrikeTM approved for commercial production. The ICAC Recorder 23 (1): 3-11.
INTERNATIONAL COTTON ADVISORY COMMITTEE, ICAC. 2004. Update on genetically engineered cotton. The ICAC Recorder 22 (2): 14-17.
JACKSON, R. E.; BRADLEY Jr., J. R.; VAN DUYN, J. W. 2003. Field performance of transgenic cottons expressing one or two Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins against bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Journal Cotton Science 7: 57-64.
JACKSON, R. E.; BRADLEY Jr., J. R.; VAN DUYN, J. W.; GOULD, F. 2004. Comparative production of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from transgenic cotton expressing either one or two Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner proteins with and without insecticide oversprays. Journal of Economic Entomology 97 (5): 1719-1725.
JACKSON, R. E.; MARCUS, M. A.; GOULD, F.; BRADLEY Jr., J. R.; VAN DUYN, J. W. 2007. Cross-resistance responses of Cry1Ac-selected Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to the Bacillus thuringiensis protein Vip3A. Journal of Economic Entomology 100 (1): 180-186.
LUTRELL, R.G.; WAN, L.; KNIGHTEN, K. 1999. Variation in susceptibility of noctuid (Lepidoptera) larvae attacking cotton and soybean to purifies endotoxin proteins and commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis. Journal of Economic Entomology 92 (1): 21-32
MARTINELLI, S.; MONTRAZI BARATA, R.; ZUCCHI, M.I.; DE CASTRO SILVA-FILIIO, M.; OMOTO, C. 2006. Molecular variability of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations associated to maize and cotton crops in Brazil. Journal Economic Entomology 99 (29): 519-526.
McGAUGHEY, W. H. 1985. Insect resistance to the biological insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis. Science 229: 193-195.
MEDINA T., M. C.; DÍAZ C., P.; LUQUE Z., J. E.; SIABATTO, P. A. 1988. Ciclo de vida y descripción de Chelonus insularis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parásito de Spodoptera spp. Revista Colombiana de Entomología 14 (1): 13-21.
NATIONALCOTTON COUNCIL. 1997. Bt cotton requires vigilant management. Cotton Physiology Today. USA. 8(3): 25-36.
OLSEN, K. M.; DALY, J. D.; FINNEGAN, E. J.; MAHON, R. J. 2005. Changes in Cry1Ac Bt transgenic cotton in response to two enviromental factors: Temperature and insect damage. Journal of Economic Entomology 98 (4): 1382-1390.
PASHLEY, D. P.; JOHNSON, S. J.; SPARKS, A. N. 1985. Genetic population structure of migratory moths: the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Annals Entomological Society of America 78: 756-762.
RAUSHER, M. D. 2001. Co-evolution and the plant resistance to natural enemies. Nature. 411:857-864.
RODRÍGUEZ CHALARCA, J.; OSPINA SÁNCHEZ, C.M. 2007. Establecimiento de la línea base y seguimiento de la susceptibilidad de Sacadodes pyralis Dyar y Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a la proteína Cry1Ac del algodón Bt en Colombia. En: Resúmenes Congreso Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología. Cartagena. Julio 25, 26 y 27 de 2007, p. 138.
STONE, T. B.; SIMS, R. S. 1993. Geographic susceptibility of Heliothis virescens and Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thutingiensis. Journal Economic Entomology 86: 989994.
STONE, T., SIMS, S.; MARRONE, P. 1989. Selection of tobacco budworm for resistance to a genetically engineered Pseudomonas fluorescens containing the delta-endotoxin of Bt subspecies kurstaki. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 53: 228-234.
TABASHNIK, B. E.; CARRIERE, Y.; DENNCHY, T. J.; MORIN, S.; SISTERSON, M. S.; ROUSH, R. T.; SHELTON, A. M.; ZHAO, J.Z. 2003. Insect resistance to transgenic Bt crops: lessons from the laboratory and fields. Journal of Economic Entomology 96 (4): 1031-1038.
TABASHNIK, B. E.; BIGGS, R. W.; FABRICK, J.A.; GASSMANN, A.J.; DENNCHY, T. J.; CARRIERE, Y.; MORIN, S. 2006. High level resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac and cadherin genotype in pink bollworm. Journal of Economic Entomology 99 (6): 2125-2131.
ZENNER DE POLANÍA, I.; ÁLVAREZ R., J. A.; MEJÍA C., R.; BAYONA R., M. A. 2005. Influencia de la toxina Cry1Ac del Bacillus thuringiensis sobre el desarrollo del cogollero del maíz, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith). Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad. & Divulgación Científica 8 (2): 129-139.
ZENNER DE POLANÍA, I.; ÁLVAREZ, A.; BARRETO, S. 2006. Influence of parasitism by Chelonus insularis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Cheloninae) on the susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to insecticides. Neotropical Entomology 35 (6): 818-822.
ZENNER DE POLANÍA, I.; ARÉVALO MALDONADO, H. A.; MEJÍA CRUZ, R. 2007. El gusano cogollero del maíz, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) y algunas plantas transgénicas. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas 1 (1): 103-113.
ZENNER DE POLANÍA, I.; ÁLVAREZ RODRIGUEZ, J. A.; AREVALO MALDONADO, H. A. 2008. Respuestas de Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a la toxina Cry1Ac del Bacillus thuringiensis. Revista Manejo Integrado de Plagas y Agroecología, CATIE, Costa Rica. (Aceptado para publicación).
- INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, ORLANDO LÓPEZ, THE COLOMBIAN PINK WORM (Sacadodes pyralis) PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON FERTILITY, PHOTOTROPISM AND DORMANCE , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 2 No. 3 (1976)
- INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, JOHANNA QUINTERO, FREDDY QUINTERO, Evaluation of a mixture of creolin, molasses and ashes against the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Seolitydae) and some of its natural enemies , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 27 No. 1 (2001)
- INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, ORLANDO MARTINEZ-WILCHES, ECOLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE CRAZY ANT, Paratrechina fulva (Mayr), IN THE CIMITARRA MUNICIPALITY (SANTANDER) , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 18 No. 1 (1992)
- INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, NHORA RUIZ-BOLAÑOS, USE OF BAITS AGAINST THE WILD ANT NYLANDERIA FULVA (MAYR) (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 8 No. 1-2 (1982)
- INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, HELBER ADRIANARÉVALO MALDONADO, RODOLFO MEJÍA-CRUZ, JULIÁN L. DÍAZ SÁNCHEZ, Spodoptera frugiperda: response of different populations to the Cry1Ab toxin , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 35 No. 1 (2009)
- INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANIA, ARISTÓBULO LÓPEZ-A., NOTES ON THE BIOLOGY AND HABITS OF Haplaxius pallidus, TRANSMITTER OF THE "SURPRISING MARCHITEZ" IN AFRICAN PALM , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 3 No. 1-2 (1977)
- FABIOLA BORRERO-FONSECA, INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, COMPARISON OF SIX BIOASSAY METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF CARBFURAN SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Faustinus apicalis (FAUST) , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 17 No. 2 (1991)
- GERMÁN ANDRÉS VARGAS-O., PAULA ANDREA DÍAZ-P., LUZ ADRIANA LASTRA-B., NORA CRISTINA MESA-C., INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, LUIS ANTONIO GÓMEZ, Survey of the natural enemies of the crazy ant, Paratrechina fulva (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in the municipality of El Colegio (Cundinamarca) and in the Cauca River valley , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 30 No. 2 (2004)
- ISABEL SANABRIA DE ARÉVALO, INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, A new species of Melanagromyza Hendel (Diptero: Agromyzidae), pest of the tomato fiower bud in Colombia , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 20 No. 4 (1994)
- ORLANDO LÓPEZ-V., INGEBORG ZENNER DE POLANÍA, OBSERVATIONS ON THE "LION OF ANTS", Myrmeleon sp. , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 2 No. 2 (1976)
Authors retain the copyright on their work and are responsible for the ideas expressed in them. Once a manuscript is approved for publication, authors are asked for a publication license for the term of legal protection, for all territories that allows the use, dissemination and disclosure of the same.