Ant diversity (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Durango, Mexico: variation across a vegetation gradient
Keywords:
Community ecology ; community structure ; conservation strategies ; ecosystem dynamics ; heterogeneity ; myrmecofauna ; species richness ;
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Ants, as eusocial insects essential to terrestrial ecosystems, are found across a wide range of habitats around the world. In Durango, Mexico, the convergence of Nearctic and Neotropical regions promotes high species diversity. This study analyzed ant diversity patterns across five vegetation types in the state. From August 2016 to September 2017, we collected 1,590 specimens representing 5 subfamilies, 14 tribes, 23 genera, and 36 species. Myrmicinae was the most diverse subfamily (19 species), followed by Formicinae (10 species), Dolichoderinae (5 species), with Ponerinae and Dorylinae each represented by a single species. We assessed alpha diversity using Hill numbers (0D, 1D, 2D) and spatial beta diversity through Jaccard (incidence) and Bray-Curtis (abundance) indices. Results showed that the Xerophytic Shrubland (MX) exhibited the highest species richness (0D) and diversity (1D, 2D). Abundance-based beta diversity ranged from 0.52 % to 0.95 %, indicating significant differences in species composition among habitats. This study highlights the remarkable ant diversity in Durango, influenced by distinct vegetation types, with Xerophytic Shrubland showing the highest diversity. These findings underscore the importance of environmental factors in shaping ant community distribution and richness, providing valuable information for biodiversity conservation.
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- Miguel Angel Soto-Cárdenas, Miguel Vásquez-Bolaños, Cipriano Gutiérrez-García, Miguel Mauricio Correa-Ramírez, René Torres-Ricario, Martha Celina González-Güereca, Isaias Chairez-Hernández, Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Durango, México , Revista Colombiana de Entomología: Vol. 45 No. 2 (2019)
Accepted 2025-09-23
Published 2025-10-31
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